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      • 經(jīng)濟金融常用術(shù)語漢英對照表格介紹

        時間:2022-12-17 18:13:14 金融 我要投稿
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        經(jīng)濟金融常用術(shù)語漢英對照表格介紹

          A

          安全網(wǎng) safety net

          按可比口徑 on comparable basis

          按輕重緩急 to prioritize

          暗補 implicit subsidy

          暗虧 hidden loss

          B

          頒發(fā)營業(yè)執(zhí)照 to license;to grant a licence to

          辦理存款業(yè)務(wù) to take deposits

          保護農(nóng)民的生產(chǎn)積極性 to protect farmers'incentive to produce

          備付金(超額準備金) excess reserves

          本外幣并賬 consolidation of domestic and foreign currencyaccounts

          本外幣對沖操作 sterilization operation

          本位利益 localized interest;departmentalism

          奔小康 to strive to prosper;to strive to become well-to-do

          避稅(請見“逃稅”) tax avoidance

          幣種搭配不當(dāng) currency mismatch

          幣種構(gòu)成 currency composition

          變相社會集資 disguised irregular(or illegal) fund raising

          表外科目(業(yè)務(wù)) off-balance-sheet items(operation)

          薄弱環(huán)節(jié) weaknesses;loopholes

          不變成本 fixed cost

          不變價 at constant price;in real terms

          不動產(chǎn) real estate

          不良貸款(資產(chǎn)) problem loans;non-performing loans(assets)

          經(jīng)濟金融術(shù)語漢英對照表 H

          經(jīng)濟金融術(shù)語漢英對照表 H 整理時間: 2004/10/28

          H

          合理預(yù)期 rational expectation

          核心資本 core capital

          合資企業(yè) joint-venture enterprises

          紅利 dividend

          宏觀經(jīng)濟運營良好 sound macroeconomic performance

          宏觀經(jīng)濟基本狀況 macroeconomic fundamentals

          宏觀調(diào)控 macroeconomic management(or adjustment)

          宏觀調(diào)控目標 macroeconomic objectives(or targets)

          壞賬 bad debt

          還本付息 debt service

          換匯成本 unit export cost;local currency cost of export earnings

          匯兌在途 funds in float

          匯兌支出 advance payment of remittance by the beneficiary's bank

          匯率并軌 unification of exchange rates

          活期存款 demand deposits

          匯率失調(diào) exchange rate misalignment

          混合所有制 diversified(mixed)ownership

          貨幣政策態(tài)勢 monetary policy stance

          貨款拖欠 overdue obligations to suppliers

          經(jīng)濟金融術(shù)語漢英對照表 J

          J

          基本建設(shè)投資 investment in infrastructure

          基本經(jīng)濟要素 economic fundamentals

          基本適度 broadly appropriate

          基準利率 benchmark interest rate

          機關(guān)團體存款 deposits of non-profit institutions

          機會成本 opportunity cost

          激勵機制 incentive mechanism

          積壓嚴重 heavy stockpile;excessive inventory

          擠提存款 run on banks

          擠占挪用 unwarranted diversion of(financial)resources(from designated uses)

          技改投資 investment in technological upgrading

          技術(shù)密集型產(chǎn)品 technology-intensive product

          計劃單列市 municipalities with independent planning status

          計劃經(jīng)濟 planned economy

          集體經(jīng)濟 the collective sector

          加大結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整力度 to intensify structural adjustment

          加工貿(mào)易 processing trade

          加快態(tài)勢 accelerating trend

          加強稅收征管稽查 to enhance tax administration

          加權(quán)價 weighted average price

          價格放開 price liberalization

          價格形成機制 pricing mechanism

          減虧 to reduce losses

          簡化手續(xù) to cut red tape;to simplify(streamline)procedures

          交投活躍 brisk trading

          繳存準備金 to deposit required reserves

          結(jié)構(gòu)扭曲 structural distortion

          結(jié)構(gòu)失調(diào) structural imbalance

          結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾突出 acute structural imbalance

          結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化 structural improvement(optimization)

          結(jié)匯、售匯 sale and purchase of foreign exchange

          金融脆弱 financial fragility

          金融動蕩 financial turbulence

          金融風(fēng)波 financial disturbance

          金融恐慌 financial panic

          金融危機 financial crisis

          金融壓抑 financial repression

          金融衍生物 financial derivatives

          金融詐騙 financial fraud

          緊縮銀根 to tighten monetary policy

          緊縮政策 austerity policies;tight financial policies

          經(jīng)常賬戶可兌換 current account convertibility

          經(jīng)濟特區(qū) special economic zones(SEZs)

          經(jīng)濟體制改革 economic reform

          經(jīng)濟增長方式的轉(zhuǎn)變 change in the main source of economic growth(from investment expansion to efficiency gains)

          經(jīng)濟增長減速 economic slowdown;moderation in economic growth

          經(jīng)濟制裁 economic sanction

          經(jīng)營自主權(quán) autonomy in management

          景氣回升 recovery in business activity

          境外投資 overseas investment

          競爭加劇 intensifying competition

          局部性金融風(fēng)波 localized(isolated)financial disturbance

          經(jīng)濟金融術(shù)語漢英對照表 G

          G

          改革試點 reform experimentation

          杠桿率 leverage ratio

          杠桿收購 leveraged buyout

          高息集資 to raise funds by offering high interest

          個人股 non-institutional shares

          根本扭轉(zhuǎn) fundamental turnaround(or reversal)

          公開市場操作 open market operations

          公款私存 deposit public funds in personal accounts

          公用事業(yè) public utilities

          公有經(jīng)濟 the state-owned sector;the public sector

          公有制 public ownership

          工業(yè)成本利潤率 profit-to-cost ratio

          工業(yè)增加值 industrial value added

          供大于求 supply exceeding demand;excessive supply

          鼓勵措施 incentives

          股份合作企業(yè) joint-equity cooperative enterprises

          股份制企業(yè) joint-equity enterprises

          股份制銀行 joint-equity banks

          固定資產(chǎn)貸款 fixed asset loans

          關(guān)稅減免 tariff reduction and exemption

          關(guān)稅減讓 tariff concessions

          關(guān)稅優(yōu)惠 tariff incentives;preferential tariff treatment

          規(guī)范行為 to regularize(or standardize)…behavior

          規(guī)模效益 economies of scale

          國計民生 national interest and people's livelihood

          國家對個人其他支出 other government outlays to individuals

          國家風(fēng)險 country risk

          國際分工 international division of labor

          國際收支 balance of payments

          國有獨資商業(yè)銀行 wholly state-owned commercial banks

          國有經(jīng)濟(部門) the state-owned(or public)sector

          國有企業(yè) state-owned enterprises(SOEs)

          國有制 state-ownership

          國有資產(chǎn)流失 erosion of state assets

          國債回購 government securities repurchase

          國債一級自營商 primary underwriters of government securities

          過度競爭 excessive competition

          過度膨脹 excessive expansion

          過熱跡象 signs of overheating

          經(jīng)濟金融術(shù)語漢英對照表 E-F

          E

          惡性通貨膨脹 hyperinflation

          二級市場 secondary market

          F

          發(fā)行貨幣 to issue currency

          發(fā)行總股本 total stock issue

          法定準備金 required reserves;reserve requirement

          法人股 institutional shares

          法人股東 institutional shareholders

          法治 rule of law

          房地產(chǎn)投資 real estate investment

          放松銀根 to ease monetary policy

          非現(xiàn)場稽核 off-site surveillance(or monitoring)

          非銀行金融機構(gòu) non-bank financial institutions

          非贏利性機構(gòu) non-profit organizations

          分稅制 assignment of central and local taxes;tax assignment system

          分業(yè)經(jīng)營 segregation of financial business(services);division of business scope based on the type of financial institutions

          風(fēng)險暴露(風(fēng)險敞口) risk exposure

          風(fēng)險管理 risk management

          風(fēng)險意識 risk awareness

          風(fēng)險資本比例 risk-weighted capital ratios

          風(fēng)險資本標準 risk-based capital standard

          服務(wù)事業(yè)收入 public service charges;user's charges

          扶貧 poverty alleviation

          負增長 negative growth

          復(fù)式預(yù)算制 double-entry budgeting;capital and current budgetary account

          經(jīng)濟金融術(shù)語漢英對照表 D

          D

          打白條 issue IOU

          大額存單 certificate of deposit(CD)

          大額提現(xiàn) withdraw deposits in large amounts

          大面積滑坡 wide-spread decline

          大一統(tǒng)的銀行體制 (all-in-one)mono-bank system

          呆賬(請見“壞賬”) bad loans

          呆賬準備金 loan loss reserves(provisions)

          呆滯貸款 idle loans

          貸款沉淀 non-performing loans

          貸款分類 loan classification

          貸款限額管理 credit control;to impose credit ceiling

          貸款約束機制 credit disciplinary(constraint)mechanism

          代理國庫 to act as fiscal agent

          代理金融機構(gòu)貸款 make loans on behalf of other institutions

          戴帽貸款 ear-marked loans

          倒逼機制 reversed transmission of the pressure for easing monetary condition

          道德風(fēng)險 moral hazard

          地區(qū)差別 regional disparity

          第一產(chǎn)業(yè) the primary industry

          第二產(chǎn)業(yè) the secondary industry

          第三產(chǎn)業(yè) the service industry;the tertiary industry

          遞延資產(chǎn) deferrable assets

          訂貨不足 insufficient orders

          定期存款 time deposits

          定向募集 raising funds from targeted sources

          東道國(請見“母國”) host country

          獨立核算 independent accounting

          短期國債 treasury bills

          對沖操作 sterilization operation;hedging

          對非金融部門債權(quán) claims on non-financial sector

          多種所有制形式 diversified ownership

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